The potential interaction between time perception and gaming: a narrative review

Compromised time control is a variable of interest among disordered gamers because time spent on videogames can directly affect individuals’ lives. Although time perception appears to be closely associated with this phenomenon, previous studies have not systematically found a relationship between time perception and gaming. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is to explore how gaming disorder may be associated with time perception. It has been found that gamers exhibit a stronger attentional focus as well as an improved working memory compared with non-gamers. However, gamers (and especially disordered gamers) exhibit a stronger reaction to gaming cues which—coupled with an altered emotion regulation observed among disordered gamers—could directly affect their time perception. Finally, “'flow states”' direct most of the attentional resources to the ongoing activity, leading to a lack of resources allocated to the time perception. Therefore, entering a flow state will result in an altered time perception, most likely an underestimation of duration. The paper concludes that the time loss effect observed among disordered gamers can be explained via enhanced emotional reactivity (facilitated by impaired emotion regulation)

The influence of thinking styles on perceived price fairness: An experimental study

Customers expect pricing practices to be fair, they are specifically sensitive to price increase considered unfair or unacceptable, which eventually influences both behavioural intentions and emotions. Substantial investments are deployed in building positive associations with consumers, which can be subverted by the incident of price increase leading to unfairness perceptions. It is significantly important to mitigate the perceived unfairness perceptions, given the stakes involved. This article investigates the role that styles of thinking (holistic versus analytic) plays in perceived price fairness. The findings of this research show that styles of thinking play a significant role in influencing perceived price fairness. When exposed to negative and/or undesirable events such as price increase, styles of thinking influence cognitive attribution, which, in turn, influences price fairness perceptions. This research adds to the growing literature in price fairness by exploring the influence of thinking styles on perceived price fairness that has not been examined before. These findings suggest that strategies to influence styles of thinking could be useful in managing perceived unfairness perceptions. Marketers and managers could utilise marketing-management strategies based on findings of this research to maintain positive consumer’s perception of price, thereby will improve firms’ performance, in terms of, value, profitability and sales. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd